A Phase I ESA is a standard part of environmental due diligence, especially during property transactions. It includes:
• A review of historical records and maps
• A site inspection
• Interviews with property stakeholders
• Identification of Recognized Environmental Conditions (RECs)
It does not include sampling or lab testing.

If RECs are identified during a Phase I, a Phase II ESA is recommended. This involves subsurface investigation (e.g., soil borings, groundwater sampling) to determine the presence and extent of contamination.

Typically 1–3 weeks, depending on property size and document availability.

• No contamination detected → no further action
• Contamination found → remediation required

Technically yes, but skipping a Phase I may result in missed historical context and potential legal risks.